Ex.No: 1
Date:
BASIC
COMMANDS IN UNIX
AIM:
To write a program to execute
the functions of basic commands in unix.
COMMANDS:
1. who: To view all the working users in your environment.
Syntax: $who
Output:
[maha@localhost ~]$ who
maha pts/0 Dec 20 00:46 (192.168.0.145)
maha pts/1 Dec 20 01:04 (192.168.0.144)
maha pts/2 Dec 20 01:07 (192.168.0.150)
2. who am i: To view current user of the system at particular terminal.
Syntax: $who am i
Output:
[maha@localhost ~]$ who am i
maha pts/2 Dec 20 01:07 (192.168.0.150)
3. date: To view the system date and time that is shown by internal clock.
Syntax: $date
Output:
[maha@localhost ~]$ date
Tue Dec 20 01:13:24 IST 2011
4. cal: To view the present year month calander.
Syntax: $cal
Output:
[maha@localhost ~]$ cal
December 2011
1 2 3
4 5
6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14
15 16 17
18 19 20 21 22
23 24
25 26 27 28 29
30 31
5. echo: To display the
givem message.
Syntax:$echo “message”
Output:
[maha@localhost ~]$ echo "MAHARAJA ENGINEERING
COLLEGE
6:ls: To list all files
inside a directory
Syntax: $ls[option] dir name
Output
[maha@localhost ~]$ls
Mouni
Option of ls:
(1)-a:To list all hidden
files
Syntax:$ls –a dir name
Output:
[maha@localhost ~]$ls –a vandu44
selvaraj40
vandu44
raj34
(2)-d: To list the
current name of the directory.
Syntax: $ls –d dir
name
Output:
[maha@localhost ~]$ ls
-d vandu44
Vandu44
(3)-f:To show the directories
with trailing or executable file with trailing
Syntax: $ls –f dir
name
Output:
[maha@localhost ~]$ ls
–f
divya
.dha.1.swp
honey
gopal
(4)-g:To show the group
ownership of the file listening
Syntax:$ ls –g dir
name
Output:
[maha@localhost ~]$ ls
–g
drwxrwxr-x 2 maha
4096 Dec 8 23:14 student
drwxrwxr-x 2 maha
4096 Dec 7 01:37 success
(5)-i:To print the inode number
of file
Syntax: $ls –i dir
name
Output:
[maha@localhost ~]$ ls
–i
10570991 stat.c
10570953 stdnt
10570743 student
(6)-l:To long list the given
details directories and files
Syntax: $ls –l
dir name
[maha@localhost ~]$ ls –l
-rw-rw-r-- 1 maha maha 118 Dec 16 01:43 yaac.l
-rw-rw-r-- 1 maha maha 224 Dec 19 00:09 yaac.y
(7)-r: To list all
subdirectories encountered
Syntax:$ls –r dir name
Output:
[maha@localhost ~]$ ls
–r
cdjaya16
cdjanu15
cdjanu
(8)-t:To sort by time
Syntax:$ls –t dir name
Output:
[maha@localhost ~]$ ls
–t
kathir_king
elakya13
amkathir
7.cat:To create a file without entering into vi editor
Syntax:$cat>filename
Output:
[maha@localhost ~]$ cat>mec1
hi welcome
^d
[maha@localhost ~]$ cat>mec2
hello how r u
^d
8.cat:To view the content of the file without entering into vi editor
Syntax:$cat filename
Output:
[maha@localhost ~]$ cat mec1
hi welcome you all
[maha@localhost ~]$ cat mec2
hi welcome
[maha@localhost ~]$ cat>mec3
bye…
9.cp:To copy the file from source to destination
Syntax:$cp file1 file2
Output:
[maha@localhost ~]$ cp mec1 mec2
[maha@localhost ~]$ cat mec2
hi welcome you all
10.rm:To remove the file
Syntax:$rm filename
Output:
[maha@localhost ~]$ rm mec3
[maha@localhost ~]$ cat mec3
cat: mec3: No such file or directory
11.mv:To move the file content from one file to another file or directory
Syntax:$mv file1 file2
Output:
[maha@localhost ~]$ mv mec1 mec2
[maha@localhost ~]$ cat mec2
hi welcome you all
12.file:To display the file type
Syntax:$file filename.c
Output:
[maha@localhost ~]$ file mec2
mec2: ASCII text
13.head:To display the first few lines of a file
Syntax:$head filename
Output:
[maha@localhost ~]$ head sys.c
#include<stdio.h>
#include<unistd.h>
14.tail:To display the last few lines of a file
Syntax:$tail filename
Output:
[maha@localhost ~]$ tail sys.c
printf(“\n File content: %c”,buf3);
close(fd);
return(0);
}
15.grep:To search the content of the file
Syntax:$grep “content” filename
Output:
[maha@localhost ~]$ grep “content” sys.c
#include<stdio.h>
#include<unistd.h>
16.wc:To count the number of words in a file and also count the number of
lines and characters in a file
Syntax:$wc filename
Output:
[maha@localhost ~]$ wc sys.c
50 67 841 cc
17.more:To scroll the screen downwords using spacebar
Syntax:$more filename
Output:
[maha@localhost ~]$ more myfile.c
When the content is more than the screen size it can be moved using
the spacebar.
18.GROUPING
COMMANDS:
(i)Semicolon:
To Execute one or more commands at a time
Syntax:$Command1;Command2……..;Commandn
Output:
[maha@localhost ~]$
date;cal
Tue Dec 20 01:27:09 IST
2011
December
2011
1 2 3
4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17
18 19 20 21 22 23 24
25 26 27 28 29 30 31
(ii)AND(&&):To execute the first command and then next
command
Syntax:$Command1&&Command2……..&&Commandn
Output:
[maha@localhost ~]$
date&&cal
Tue Dec 20 01:27:16 IST
2011
December
2011
1 2 3
4 5
6 7 8
9 10
11 12 13
14 15 16 17
18 19 20 21 22 23 24
25 26 27
28 29 30 31
(iii)OR(||):If first command is unsuccessful it will execute the
next command
Syntax:$Command1||Command2……..||Commandn
Output:
[maha@localhost ~]$
date||cle
Tue Dec 20 01:27:21 IST
2011
PWD: To display the path
name to the current directory
[maha@localhost ~]$ pwd
/home/maha
19.mkdir:To make a directory
Syntax:$mkdir dirname
Output:
[maha@localhost ~]$ mkdir mca1
20.cd:To change the working
directory
Syntax:$cd dirname
Output:
[maha@localhost ~]$ cd mca
21.rmdir:To remove the directory
Syntax:$rmdir dirname
Output:
[maha@localhost mca2]$ls
mca mca1
[maha@localhost mca]$ rmdir mca
22.pwd:To display the pathname to the current directory
Syntax:$pwd
Output:
[maha@localhost ~]$ pwd
/home/maha
23.sort:To sort the content in the ascending alphabetical order
Syntax:$sort filename
Output:
[maha@localhost mca]$
sort mca1
maha
raja
college
^d
RESULT:
Thus the program
to execute the functions of basic commands in unix has been executed
successfully.
ExNo: 2
Date:
SYSTEM CALLS
AIM:
To write
unix program for system calls fstat(),stat(),lseek() function.
ALGORITHM:
Step 1: Start the process.
Step 2: Declare the
variables.
Step 3: Using open
function create a file and assign it to it.
Step 4: Check the variable
fd,if is less than 0 then display open error.
Step 5: Write the content
into buffer,obtain the information about the file by
using the fstat().
Step 6: Check the
type of the file and display the file
type,userid,
allocated
block and block size.
Step 7: Return the
structure of information about named file using stat().
Step 8: Check the type of
file and display the file types userid allocated blockl and
Block size.
Step 9: Using lseek
function,set the file offset to its current value plus the offset.
Step 10: Write the
content into another file.
Step 11: Using lseek
function set the byte from the beginning the file.
Step 12: Display the
file content.
Step 13: Stop the
program.
/* SYSTEM CALLS*/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/stat.h>
#include<fcntl.h>
char buf1[]="abcdefghij";
char buf2[]="ABCDEFGHIJ";
char buf3[40];
struct stat buf;
char *ptr,*ptr1;
int main()
{
int fd,n;
fd=open("exams3.data",O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC|S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR);
if(fd<0)
printf("Open Error");
if((write(fd,buf1,10))!=10)
printf("buf1 with error");
if(fstat(fd,&buf)<0)
printf("fstat error");
if(S_IS REG(buf.st_mode))
ptr="REGULAR";
else if(S_ISDIR(buf.st_mode))
ptr="DIRECTORY";
else if(S_ISCHR(buf.st_mode))
ptr="CHARACTER";
else if(S_ISBLK(buf.st_mode))
ptr="BLOCK";
else if(S_ISFIFO(buf.st_mode))
ptr="FIFO";
printf(" FILE
TYPE:%s\n",ptr);
printf("USER ID:%d\n",buf.st_uid);
printf("ALLOCATED BLOCK:%d\n",buf.st_blocks);
printf("BLOCKED SIZE:%d\n",buf.st_blksize);
if(stat("Exams3.data",&buf)>0)
printf("stat error\n");
if(S_ISREG(buf.st_mode))
ptr1="REGULAR";
else if(S_ISDIR(buf.st_mode))
ptr1="DIRECTORY";
else if(S_ISCHR(buf.st_mode))
ptr1="CHARACTER";
else if(S_ISBLK(buf.st_mode))
ptr1="BLOCK";
else if(S_ISFIFO(buf.st_mode))
ptr1="FIFO";
printf("FILE TYPE:%s\n",ptr1);
printf("USER ID:%d\n",buf.st_uid);
printf("ALLOCATED BLOCK:%d\n",buf.st_blocks);
printf("BLOCKED SIZE:%d\n",buf.st_blksize);
if((n=lseek(fd,20,SEEK_CUR))<0)
printf("lseek error");
if((write(fd,buf2,10))<0)
printf("buf2 with error");
if(lseek(fd,0,SEEK_SET)<0)
printf("lseek error");
if(n=read(fd,buf3,40)<0)
printf(" read error:");
printf("n:%d",n);
printf("FILE CONTENT:%s",buf3);
close(fd);
return(0);
}
OUTPUT:
[maha@localhost prabha]$ cc stat.c
[maha@localhost prabha]$ ./a.out
FILE TYPE:REGULAR
USER ID:698
ALLOCATED BLOCK:8
BLOCKED SIZE:4096
FILE TYPE:REGULAR
USER ID:698
ALLOCATED BLOCK:8
BLOCKED SIZE:4096
n:40FILE CONTENT:abcdefghij[maha@localhost prabha]$ od -c
exams3.data
0000000 a b
c d e
f g h
i j \0
\0 \0 \0
\0 \0
0000020 \0 \0
\0 \0 \0
\0 \0 \0
\0 \0 \0
\0 \0 \0
A B
0000040 C D
E F G
H I J
0000050
[maha@localhost prabha]$
RESULT:
Thus the program
for system calls fstat(),stat(),lseek() function has been executed
successfully.
Ex No: 3
Date :
IPC USING PIPES
AIM:
To write UNIX program for performing
the Inter Process Communication using pipes.
ALGORITHM:
STEP 1: Start the process.
STEP 2: Declare the
variables.
STEP 3: Open a file in
read and write mode.
STEP 4: Store the command
file data in the variable.
STEP 5: Write the data in
file.
STEP 6: Stop the process.
\
/*IPC USING PIPES*/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<fcntl.h>
void
client(int,int);
void
server(int,int);
int main()
{
int pipe1[2],pipe2[2],cpid;
pipe(pipe1);
pipe(pipe2);
cpid=fork();
if(cpid>0)
{
close(pipe2[1]);
close(pipe1[0]);
client(pipe2[0],pipe1[1]);
waitpid(cpid,NULL,0);
close(pipe1[0]);
close(pipe2[1]);
}
else if(cpid==0)
{
close(pipe1[1];
close(pipe2[0]);
server(pipe1[0],pipe2[1]);
close(pipe2[0]);
close(pipe1[1]);
exit(0);
}
}
void client(int
readfd,int writefd)
{
int m,n;
char buf[500],b[500];
n=read(STDIN_FILENO,buf,sizeof(buf));
write(writefd,buf,n);
m=read(readfd,b,sizeof(b));
write(1,b,m);
}
void server(int
readfd,int writefd)
{
int fd,m,n;
char buf[500],c;
n=read(readfd,buf,sizeof(buf));
fd=open("c",O_CREAT|O_RDWR);
m=write(fd,buf,n);
if(m<0)
printf("Server with error");
}
OUTPUT:
[mca00@Maharaja
mca]$ cc pipes.c
[mca00@Maharaja
mca]$ ./a.out
Hai students…..
[mca00@Maharaja
mca]$ cat c
Hai students…..
RESULT:
The UNIX program for perform the Inter Process Communication has
been compiled and successfully executed.
Ex
No : 4
Date :
IPC USING MESSAGE QUEUES
AIM:
To write a UNIX program for
performing the Inter Process Communication
using message queues.
ALGORITHM:
Step 1: Start the process.
Step 2: Declare the
variables.
Step 3: Using msgget()
function, create a message queues.
Step 4: The message queue
id is created by using the msgget() function.
Step 5: Check the value of
id, if its equal to -1,print the value.
Step 6: Get the string in
one variable and assign to another variable using strlen()
function.
Step 7: Store the messages
in the queue using msgsnd() function.
Step 8: Reverse the
string.
Step 9: Print the reversed
string and length of the string.
Step 10: Stop the process.
/*IPC USING MESSAGE QUEUES*/
#include<sys/msg.h>
#include<sys/ipc.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
int gid,len;
int i,n;
char c[20];
struct
{
long mtype;
char mtext[50];
}
message,buff;
gid=msgget((key_t)11,IPC_CREAT|0666);
if(gid==-1)
{
perror("failure");
exit(1);
}
printf("Enter
the string:");
scanf("%s",&c);
n=strlen(c);
strncpy(message.mtext,c,50);
message.mtype=1;
len=strlen(message.mtext);
if(msgsnd(gid,&message,len,0)==-1)
{
perror("failure");
exit(1);
}
printf("Reverse
the string:");
for(i=n;i>=0;i--)
{
printf("%c",message.mtext[i]);
}
printf("\nstring
length:%d\n",n);
return(0);
}
OUTPUT:
[mca32@Maharaja ~]$ vi ipc4.c
[mca32@Maharaja ~]$ cc ipc4.c
[mca32@Maharaja ~]$ ./a.out
Enter the string:charunethra
Reverse the string:arhtenurahc
string length:11
RESULT:
The program perform the Inter
Process Communication using message queues has been compiled and executed
successfully.
Ex. No: 5
Date :
IPC USING SHARED MEMORY
AIM:
To write UNIX program for
performing the Inter Process Communication using the shared memory.
ALGORITHM:
Step 1: Start the process.
Step 2: Declare the variables.
Step 3: Using SLmget() function is used to create a segment.
Step 4: Using SLmget() function is used to attach the address space.
Step 5: Print the address which attached using shmid() function.
Step 6: Increment the variable and print the variables.
Step 7: stop the process.
/*IPC USING SHARED MEMORY*/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<sys/msg.h>
#include<sys/ipc.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#define SHMKEY 75
#define k 1024
int shmid;
main()
{
int i,*pint;
char *addr1,*addr2;
extern cleanup();
for(i=0;i<20;i++)
signal(i,cleanup);
shmid=shmget(SHMKEY,128 *k,0777|IPC_CREAT);
addr1=shmat(shmid,0,0);
addr2=shmat(shmid,0,0);
printf("\n ADDR1 0x%x ADDR2 0x0x%x\n",addr1,addr2);
pint=(int*)addr1;
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
*pint++=i;
pint=(int*)addr1;
*pint=10;
pint=(int*)addr2;
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
printf("\n Index %d %t
value%d\t\n",pint++);
printf("\n");
}
cleanup()
{
shmctl(shmid,IPC_RMID,0);
exit(0);
}
OUTPUT:
[mca39@Maharaja ss]$ cc shmem.c
[mca39@Maharaja ss]$ ./a.out
ADDR1 0xb7f90000 ADDR2 0x0xb7f70000
Index -1208549376 % value-1208549376
Index -1208549372 % value-1208549376
Index -1208549368 % value-1208549376
Index -1208549364 % value-1208549376
Index -1208549360 % value-1208549376
Index -1208549356 % value-1208549376
Index -1208549352 % value-1208549376
Index -1208549348 % value-1208549376
Index -1208549344 % value-1208549376
Index -1208549340 % value-1208549376
[mca39@Maharaja ss]$
RESULT:
The UNIX program for
performing IPC using shared memory has been compiled and executed successfully.
Ex.No : 6
Date :
SEMAPHORE SYNCHRONIZATION
AIM:
To write a UNIX program for
performing synchronization using semaphore.
ALGORITHM:
Step 1: Start the process.
Step 2: Declare the
necessary variables.
Step 3: Using segment
function, create a semaphore set.
Step 4: Assign the value
for the variables.
Step 5: Using SETALL
function, set the values to val variables.
Step 6: Using GETALL
function, return the values to val.
Step 7: Display the values
of val.
Step 8: Stop the process.
/*SEMAPHORE SYNCHRONIZATION*/
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/ipc.h>
#include<sys/sem.h>
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int semid,i;
static ushort val[5],val1[5];
semid=semget(0*20,5,IPC_CREAT|0666);
printf("\nEnter the values:");
for( i=0;i<5;i++)
scanf("%d",&val[i]);
semctl(semid,0,SETALL,val);
semctl(semid,0,GETALL,val1);
printf("\nval1[0]:%d\n val1[1]:%d\n
val1[2]:%d\n val1[3]:%d\n
val1[4]:%d\n",val1[0],val1[1],val1[2],val1[3],val1[4]);
}
OUTPUT:
Enter the values:2
6 4 8 3
val1[0]:2
val1[1]:6
val1[2]:4
val1[3]:8
val1[4]:3
RESULT:
The UNIX program synchronization
using semaphore has been completed successfully.
Ex. No: 7
Date :
FORK CREATION
AIM:
To write a UNIX program for creating fork.
ALGORITHM:
Step 1: Start the process.
Step 2: Declare the necessary variables.
Step 3: Compare the process id then the value will be displayed.
Step 4: If the pid equals to zero, then increment the glob, var.
Step 5: Print the value for pid, var and glob.
Step 6: Save the process.
Step 7: stop the process.
/*FORK CREATION*/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<unistd.h>
int glob=6;
int main(void)
{
int var=88;
pid_t pid;
printf("\n Before vfork:");
if((pid=vfork())<0)
{
printf("vfork error");
}
else if(pid==0)
{
glob++;
var++;
_exit(0);
}
else
sleep(2);
printf("pid=%d,glob=%d,var=%d\n",getpid(),glob,var);
exit(0);
}
OUTPUT:
[mca39@Maharaja
ss]$ cc fork1.c
[mca39@Maharaja
ss]$ ./a.out
Before vfork:pid=7606,glob=7,var=89.
RESULT:
The UNIX program for fork is created
successfully.
Ex.No
:8
Date:
SIGNAL HANDLING
AIM:
To write a UNIX program to
handle the signal from the process.
ALGORITHM:
Step 1: Start the process.
Step 2: Declare the variables.
Step 3: Using fork function get process id.
Step 4: Check if process id is zero, then kill the parent process.
Step 5: Check if process id is non-zero, then call the signals function and
display
the process id.
Step 6: Stop the process.
/*SIGNAL HANDLING*/
#include<signal.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
void abc();
int pid,i;
main()
{
pid=fork();
if(pid==0)
{
sleep(1);
kill(getppid(),SIGUSR1);
exit(0);
}
else
{
signal(SIGUSR1,abc);
for(i=0;i<100;i++)
printf("%d:\t",i);
printf("\n Parent
exiting\n");
}
}
void abc()
{
printf("\n 1 is:%d",i);
}
OUTPUT:
[mca39@Maharaja
ss]$ cc sh.c
[mca39@Maharaja
ss]$ ./a.out
0: 1:
2: 3: 4:
5: 6: 7:
8: 9:
10: 11:
12: 13: 14:
15: 16: 17:
18: 19:
20: 21:
22: 23: 24:
25: 26: 27:
28: 29:
30: 31:
32: 33: 34:
35: 36: 37:
38: 39:
40: 41:
42: 43: 44:
45: 46: 47:
48: 49:
50: 51:
52: 53: 54:
55: 56: 57:
58: 59:
60: 61:
62: 63: 64:
65: 66: 67:
68: 69:
70: 71:
72: 73: 74:
75: 76: 77:
78: 79:
80: 81:
82: 83: 84:
85: 86: 87:
88: 89:
90: 91:
92: 93: 94:
95: 96: 97:
98: 99:
Parent exiting.
[mca39@Maharaja
ss]$
RESULT:
The UNIX program to handle the signal process has executed
successfully.
Ex.No: 9
Date:
DOWNLOADING WEBPAGE
AIM:
To create a UNIX program for
downloading WebPages.
ALGORITHM:
Step 1: Start the process.
Step 2: Declare the variables.
Step 3: Define the socket address in structure variables.
Step 4: Define the web address and declare the variables.
Step 5: Use the socket function to create the function.
Step 6: Read the home page and send out the message.
Step 7: Stop the process.
/*DOWNLOADING WEBPAGE*/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<strings.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<netdb.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<errno.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#define MAXLINE 4096
#define SERV_PORT 80
#define SA struct sockaddr
#define GET_CMD "GET/HTTP/1.0\r\n\r\n"
int main(int argc,char **argv)
{
int n,sockfd,ct;
struct hostent
*h;
struct
sockaddr_in servaddr;
char
line[MAXLINE];
if(argc!=2)
{
perror("Usage: web<Web Address>");
}
if((h=gethostbyname(argv[1]))==NULL)
{
perror("GethostByName");
}
if((h=gethostbyname(argv[1]))==NULL)
{
perror("GethostByName");
}
sockfd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
if(sockfd<0)
perror("socket error");
bzero(&servaddr,sizeof(servaddr));
servaddr.sin_family=AF_INET;
servaddr.sin_port=htons(SERV_PORT);
inet_pton(AF_INET,inet_ntoa(*((struct in_addr*)
h->_addr)),&servaddr.sin_addr);
` ct=connect(sockfd,(SA
*)&servaddr,sizeof(servaddr));
if(ct<0)
perror("Connect Error");
n=snprintf(line,sizeof(line),GET_CMD);
write(sockfd,line,strlen(line));
for(;;)
{
if((n=read(sockfd,line,MAXLINE))==0)
break;
printf("Reading %d bytes of home page %s \n",n,argv[1]);
line[n]=0;
if(fputs(line,stdout)==EOF)
perror("fputs error");
}
printf("END_of_Line of home
page\n");
close(sockfd);
}
OUTPUT:
[mca39@Maharaja ss]$ cc
dlweb.c
[mca39@Maharaja
ss]$ ./a.out www.yahoo.com
Reading 217 bytes
of home page www.yahoo.com
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Invalid
HTTP Request</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY
BGCOLOR="white" FGCOLOR="black">
<FONT
FACE="Helvetica, Arial">
<B> Bad request syntax</B>
</FONT>
<!-- default
"Invalid HTTP Request" response (400) -->
</BODY>
END_of_Line of
home page
RESULT:
The UNIX program downloading
webpage has been executed successfully.
Ex.No: 10
Date:
PACKET CAPTURING SNIFFER
AIM:
To write a UNIX program to capture
the TCP/IP packets using sniffer.
ALGORITHM:
Step 1: Start the program.
Step 2: Declare the
variables.
Step 3: Enter the choice
values.
Step 4: If choice is 1,
then sniff TCP Packets.
Step 5: If choice is 2,
then sniff UDP datagram.
Step 6: If choice is 3,
exit the program.
Step 7: Exit the process.
/* PACKET CAPTURING SNIFFER */
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<netinet/ip.h>
#include<netinet/tcp.h>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int fd;
struct iphdr *ip;
struct tcphdr *tcp;
char *t;
char buffer[8192];
for(
i=0;i<81;i++)
buffer[i]='a';
int choice,proto;
printf("\n\n
SNIFFER");
printf("\n
~~~~~~~");
printf( "\nMENU\n");
printf("\n1->Sniff
TCP Packets");
printf("\n2->Sniff
UDP Datagram");
printf("\n3->Exit\n");
printf("\nEnter the
choice:");
scanf("%d",&choice);
switch(choice)
{
case 1:
printf("Start sniffing TCP Packages \n Press ctrl+C
stop\n\n");
proto=IPPROTO_TCP;
break;
case 2:
printf("Start sniffing UDP \n Press ctrl+c stop\n\n");
proto=IPPROTO_UDP;
break;
case 3:
return 0;
main();
return 0;
}
fd=socket(PF_INET,SOCK_RAW,proto);
while(read(fd,buffer,8192)>0)
{
ip=(struct iphdr
*)buffer;
tcp=(struct
tcphdr *)(buffer+sizeof(struct iphdr));
t=(char
*)&ip->saddr;
if(proto==IPPROTO_TCP)
printf("\n PACKET RECEIVED!\n");
else
printf("\n DATAGRAM RECEIVED!\n");
printf("\n Source ip:%d.%d.%d.%d",(t[0]+256)%256,
(t[1]+256)%256,(t[2]+256)%256,(t[3]+256)%256);
t==(char
*)&ip->daddr;
printf("\n
Destination ip:%d.%d.%d.%d",(t[0]+256)%256,
(t[1]+256)%256,(t[2]+256)%256,(t[3]+256)%256);
printf("\n
Source port:%d \n Destination port:%d",tcp->source,tcp>dest);
printf("\n
Data: %s\n",buffer+sizeof(struct iphdr)+sizeof(struct tcphdr));
printf("\n_______________\n");
}
return 0;
}
OUTPUT:
[mca39@Maharaja
ss]$ cc sniffer.c
[mca39@Maharaja
ss]$ ./a.out
SNIFFER
~~~~~~~
1->Sniff TCP Packets
2->Sniff UDP Datagram
3->Exit
Enter the choice:1
Start sniffing TCP Packages
Press ctrl+C stop
PACKET RECEIVED!
Source ip: 97.97.97.97
Destination ip: 97.97.97.97
Source port: 24929
Destination port: 24929
Data:
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaQ
SNIFFER
~~~~~~~
1->Sniff TCP Packets
2->Sniff UDP Datagram
3->Exit
Enter the choice:2
Start sniffing UDP
Press ctrl+c stop
DATAGRAM RECEIVED!
Source ip:97.97.97.97
Destination ip:97.97.97.97
Source port:24929
Destination port:24929
Data:
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaQ
SNIFFER
~~~~~~~
1->Sniff TCP Packets
2->Sniff UDP Datagram
3->Exit
Enter the choice:3
[mca39@Maharaja ss]$
RESULT:
The UNIX program has been compiled
and executed successfully.
Ex.
No: 11
Date :
UDP
SOCKETS
AIM:
To write a UNIX program for perform
the UDP connection for the communication.
ALGORITHM:
Step 1: Start the process.
Step 2: Define port and
host address, declare the necessary variables for the client.
Step 3: Define the socket
address in structure variable servadd and initialize it.
Step 4: Use the socket
function create and request to the server.
Step 6: Define the port
address function to create and build using bind function.
Step 7: Use the socket
function create and request the message.
Step 8: Stop the process.
/* UDP SOCKETS */
UDP CLIENT:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<netdb.h>
main()
{
int d,r,q,b;
char c[100];
struct sockaddr_in cli;
d=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
bzero((char
*)&cli,sizeof(cli));
if(d<0)
printf("\n
socket not created");
cli.sin_family=AF_INET;
cli.sin_port=htons(9221);
cli.sin_addr.s_addr=INADDR_ANY;
printf("connected to the
socket %x\n\n",htons(5555));
do
{
printf("\nEnter the msg to server");
fgets(c,100,stdin);
sendto(d,&c,sizeof(c),0,(struct sockaddr
*)&cli,sizeof(struct sockaddr));
printf("From
server");
recvfrom(d,&c,sizeof(c),0,(struct sockaddr
*)&cli,&r);
fputs(c,stdout);
}
while(strncmp(c,"exit",4)!=0);
shutdown(d,1);
}
UDP SERVER:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<netdb.h>
main()
{
int
d,r,q,b;
char
c[100];
struct
sockaddr_in ser,cli;
d=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
bzero((char*)&ser,sizeof(ser));
if(d<0)
printf("\n socket not created");
ser.sin_family=AF_INET;
ser.sin_port=htons(4000);
ser.sin_addr.s_addr=INADDR_ANY;
r=sizeof(struct
sockaddr);
b=bind(d,(struct
sockaddr*)&ser,r);
if(b<0)
{
printf("socket
not binded properly");
return
0;
}
printf("\n
connect to the socket%x\n\n",htons(5555));
do
{
recvfrom(d,&c,sizeof(c),0,(struct
sockaddr*)&ser,&r);
printf("\n THE MESSAGE FROM
THE CLIENT IS:");
fputs(c,stdout);
printf("to
server");
fgets(c,100,stdin);
sendto(d,&c,sizeof(c),0,(struct
sockaddr*)&ser,sizeof(struct sockaddr));
}
while(strncmp(c,"exit",4)!=0);
shutdown(q,1);
}
OUTPUT
Server Output:
[mca39@Maharaja
ss]$ cc udps.c
[mca39@Maharaja
ss]$ ./a.out
connect to the socketb315
THE MESSAGE
FROM THE CLIENT IS: hai........
To client: welcome....
Client Output:
[mca39@Maharaja
ss]$ cc udpc.c
[mca39@Maharaja
ss]$ ./a.out
connected to the
socket b315
Enter the msg to
server
hai........
From server:
welcome....
RESULT:
The UNIX program has performed UDP
connection for the communication has been compiled and executed successfully.
Ex. No: 12
Date:
TCP/IP SOCKETS (Client & Server)
AIM:
To write a UNIX program that
performs the TCP connection for the communication.
ALGORITHM:
Step 1: Start the program.
Step 2: Define port and
host address, declare the variables for the client.
Step 3: Define the socket
address in structure variables servadd and initialize it.
Step 4: Use the socket
function create and request to the server.
Step 5: Define the port
address function to create and bind function.
Step 6: Use the socket
function create and request to the message.
Step 7: Wait and accept
the request then receive the message.
Step 8: Stop the program.
/*TCP/IP SOCKETS*/
TCP CLIENT:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<fcntl.h>
#define
SERV_TCP_PORT 2100
#define
SERV_HOST_ADDR "192.168.0.254"
main()
{
char buff[5];
int sd;
struct sockaddr_in servadd;
bzero((char *)&servadd,sizeof(servadd));
servadd.sin_family=AF_INET;
servadd.sin_addr.s_addr=INADDR_ANY;
servadd.sin_port=8090;
sd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
if(sd<0)
printf("Socket
Error");
if(connect(sd,(struct sockaddr *)&servadd,sizeof(servadd))<0)
printf("\nConnection
Failed");
printf("\nEnter the
message : ");
scanf("%s",&buff);
printf("Given message : %s\n",buff);
send(sd,&buff,50,0);
printf("\n %s",buff);
close(sd);
}
TCP SERVER:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<fcntl.h>
main()
{
char buff[50];
int sd,newsd,fd,strlen;
struct sockaddr_in servadd,cliadd;
bzero((char
*)&servadd,sizeof(servadd));
servadd.sin_family=AF_INET;
servadd.sin_addr.s_addr=INADDR_ANY;
servadd.sin_port=8090;
sd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
if(sd>0)
printf("\nSocket Error");
printf("\n sd is :
%d\n",sd);
if((bind(sd,(struct
sockaddr_in *)&servadd,sizeof(servadd)))>0)
printf("\nBinding
Error\n");
listen(sd,1);
strlen=sizeof(cliadd);
newsd=accept(sd,(struct
sockaddr_in *)&cliadd,&strlen);
printf("New sd :
%d\n",newsd);
recv(newsd,&buff,50,0);
printf("\nReceived Message
: %s\n",buff);
close(sd);
}
OUTPUT:
TCP Client output:
[mca7@Maharaja
bhamila07]$ cc tcpc.c
[mca7@Maharaja bhamila07]$ ./a.out
Enter the message
: hai
Given message :
hai
[mca7@Maharaja bhamila07]$
TCP Server output:
[mca7@Maharaja
bhamila07]$ cc tcps.c
tcps.c: In
function âmainâ:
tcps.c:12:
warning: incompatible implicit declaration of built-in function âbzeroâ
tcps.c:20:
warning: passing argument 2 of âbindâ from incompatible pointer type
tcps.c:24:
warning: passing argument 2 of âacceptâ from incompatible pointer type
[mca7@Maharaja
bhamila07]$ ./a.out
Socket Error
sd is : 3
New sd : 4
Received Message :
hai
[mca7@Maharaja
bhamila07]$
RESULT:
The TCP communication for client and
server is executed successfully.
Ex.No
:8
Date:
SIGNAL HANDLING
AIM:
To write a UNIX program to
handle the signal from the process.
ALGORITHM:
Step 1: Start the process.
Step 2: Declare the variables.
Step 3: Using fork function get process id.
Step 4: Check if process id is zero, then kill the parent process.
Step 5: Check if process id is non-zero, then call the signals function and
display
the process id.
Step 6: Stop the process.
/*SIGNAL HANDLING*/
#include<signal.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
void abc();
int pid,i;
main()
{
pid=fork();
if(pid==0)
{
sleep(1);
kill(getppid(),SIGUSR1);
exit(0);
}
else
{
signal(SIGUSR1,abc);
for(i=0;i<100;i++)
printf("%d:\t",i);
printf("\n Parent
exiting\n");
}
}
void abc()
{
printf("\n 1 is:%d",i);
}
OUTPUT:
[mca39@Maharaja
ss]$ cc sh.c
[mca39@Maharaja
ss]$ ./a.out
0: 1:
2: 3: 4:
5: 6: 7:
8: 9:
10: 11:
12: 13: 14:
15: 16: 17:
18: 19:
20: 21:
22: 23: 24:
25: 26: 27:
28: 29:
30: 31:
32: 33: 34:
35: 36: 37:
38: 39:
40: 41:
42: 43: 44:
45: 46: 47:
48: 49:
50: 51:
52: 53: 54:
55: 56: 57:
58: 59:
60: 61:
62: 63: 64:
65: 66: 67:
68: 69:
70: 71:
72: 73: 74:
75: 76: 77:
78: 79:
80: 81:
82: 83: 84: 85:
86: 87: 88:
89:
90: 91:
92: 93: 94:
95: 96: 97:
98: 99:
Parent exiting.
[mca39@Maharaja
ss]$
RESULT:
The UNIX program to handle the signal process has executed
successfully.
Ex.No: 9
Date:
DOWNLOADING WEBPAGE
AIM:
To create a UNIX program for
downloading WebPages.
ALGORITHM:
Step 1: Start the process.
Step 2: Declare the variables.
Step 3: Define the socket address in structure variables.
Step 4: Define the web address and declare the variables.
Step 5: Use the socket function to create the function.
Step 6: Read the home page and send out the message.
Step 7: Stop the process.
/*DOWNLOADING WEBPAGE*/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<strings.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<netdb.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<errno.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#define MAXLINE 4096
#define SERV_PORT 80
#define SA struct sockaddr
#define GET_CMD "GET/HTTP/1.0\r\n\r\n"
int main(int argc,char **argv)
{
int n,sockfd,ct;
struct hostent
*h;
struct
sockaddr_in servaddr;
char
line[MAXLINE];
if(argc!=2)
{
perror("Usage: web<Web Address>");
}
if((h=gethostbyname(argv[1]))==NULL)
{
perror("GethostByName");
}
if((h=gethostbyname(argv[1]))==NULL)
{
perror("GethostByName");
}
sockfd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
if(sockfd<0)
perror("socket error");
bzero(&servaddr,sizeof(servaddr));
servaddr.sin_family=AF_INET;
servaddr.sin_port=htons(SERV_PORT);
inet_pton(AF_INET,inet_ntoa(*((struct in_addr*)
h->_addr)),&servaddr.sin_addr);
` ct=connect(sockfd,(SA
*)&servaddr,sizeof(servaddr));
if(ct<0)
perror("Connect Error");
n=snprintf(line,sizeof(line),GET_CMD);
write(sockfd,line,strlen(line));
for(;;)
{
if((n=read(sockfd,line,MAXLINE))==0)
break;
printf("Reading %d bytes of home page %s \n",n,argv[1]);
line[n]=0;
if(fputs(line,stdout)==EOF)
perror("fputs error");
}
printf("END_of_Line of home
page\n");
close(sockfd);
}
OUTPUT:
[mca39@Maharaja ss]$ cc
dlweb.c
[mca39@Maharaja
ss]$ ./a.out www.yahoo.com
Reading 217 bytes
of home page www.yahoo.com
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Invalid
HTTP Request</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY
BGCOLOR="white" FGCOLOR="black">
<FONT FACE="Helvetica,
Arial">
<B> Bad request syntax</B>
</FONT>
<!-- default
"Invalid HTTP Request" response (400) -->
</BODY>
END_of_Line of
home page
RESULT:
The UNIX program downloading
webpage has been executed successfully.
Ex.No: 10
Date:
PACKET CAPTURING SNIFFER
AIM:
To write a UNIX program to capture
the TCP/IP packets using sniffer.
ALGORITHM:
Step 1: Start the program.
Step 2: Declare the
variables.
Step 3: Enter the choice
values.
Step 4: If choice is 1,
then sniff TCP Packets.
Step 5: If choice is 2,
then sniff UDP datagram.
Step 6: If choice is 3,
exit the program.
Step 7: Exit the process.
/* PACKET CAPTURING SNIFFER */
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<netinet/ip.h>
#include<netinet/tcp.h>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int fd;
struct iphdr *ip;
struct tcphdr *tcp;
char *t;
char buffer[8192];
for(
i=0;i<81;i++)
buffer[i]='a';
int choice,proto;
printf("\n\n
SNIFFER");
printf("\n
~~~~~~~");
printf( "\nMENU\n");
printf("\n1->Sniff
TCP Packets");
printf("\n2->Sniff
UDP Datagram");
printf("\n3->Exit\n");
printf("\nEnter the
choice:");
scanf("%d",&choice);
switch(choice)
{
case 1:
printf("Start sniffing TCP Packages \n Press ctrl+C
stop\n\n");
proto=IPPROTO_TCP;
break;
case 2:
printf("Start sniffing UDP \n Press ctrl+c stop\n\n");
proto=IPPROTO_UDP;
break;
case 3:
return 0;
main();
return 0;
}
fd=socket(PF_INET,SOCK_RAW,proto);
while(read(fd,buffer,8192)>0)
{
ip=(struct iphdr
*)buffer;
tcp=(struct
tcphdr *)(buffer+sizeof(struct iphdr));
t=(char
*)&ip->saddr;
if(proto==IPPROTO_TCP)
printf("\n PACKET RECEIVED!\n");
else
printf("\n DATAGRAM RECEIVED!\n");
printf("\n
Source ip:%d.%d.%d.%d",(t[0]+256)%256,
(t[1]+256)%256,(t[2]+256)%256,(t[3]+256)%256);
t==(char
*)&ip->daddr;
printf("\n
Destination ip:%d.%d.%d.%d",(t[0]+256)%256,
(t[1]+256)%256,(t[2]+256)%256,(t[3]+256)%256);
printf("\n
Source port:%d \n Destination port:%d",tcp->source,tcp>dest);
printf("\n
Data: %s\n",buffer+sizeof(struct iphdr)+sizeof(struct tcphdr));
printf("\n_______________\n");
}
return 0;
}
OUTPUT:
[mca39@Maharaja
ss]$ cc sniffer.c
[mca39@Maharaja
ss]$ ./a.out
SNIFFER
~~~~~~~
1->Sniff TCP Packets
2->Sniff UDP Datagram
3->Exit
Enter the choice:1
Start sniffing TCP Packages
Press ctrl+C stop
PACKET RECEIVED!
Source ip: 97.97.97.97
Destination ip: 97.97.97.97
Source port: 24929
Destination port: 24929
Data:
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaQ
SNIFFER
~~~~~~~
1->Sniff TCP Packets
2->Sniff UDP Datagram
3->Exit
Enter the choice:2
Start sniffing UDP
Press ctrl+c stop
DATAGRAM RECEIVED!
Source ip:97.97.97.97
Destination ip:97.97.97.97
Source port:24929
Destination port:24929
Data:
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaQ
SNIFFER
~~~~~~~
1->Sniff TCP Packets
2->Sniff UDP Datagram
3->Exit
Enter the choice:3
[mca39@Maharaja ss]$
RESULT:
The UNIX program has been compiled
and executed successfully.
Ex.
No: 11
Date :
UDP
SOCKETS
AIM:
To write a UNIX program for perform
the UDP connection for the communication.
ALGORITHM:
Step 1: Start the process.
Step 2: Define port and
host address, declare the necessary variables for the client.
Step 3: Define the socket
address in structure variable servadd and initialize it.
Step 4: Use the socket
function create and request to the server.
Step 6: Define the port
address function to create and build using bind function.
Step 7: Use the socket
function create and request the message.
Step 8: Stop the process.
/* UDP SOCKETS */
UDP CLIENT:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<netdb.h>
main()
{
int d,r,q,b;
char c[100];
struct sockaddr_in cli;
d=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
bzero((char
*)&cli,sizeof(cli));
if(d<0)
printf("\n
socket not created");
cli.sin_family=AF_INET;
cli.sin_port=htons(9221);
cli.sin_addr.s_addr=INADDR_ANY;
printf("connected to the
socket %x\n\n",htons(5555));
do
{
printf("\nEnter the msg to server");
fgets(c,100,stdin);
sendto(d,&c,sizeof(c),0,(struct sockaddr *)&cli,sizeof(struct
sockaddr));
printf("From
server");
recvfrom(d,&c,sizeof(c),0,(struct sockaddr
*)&cli,&r);
fputs(c,stdout);
}
while(strncmp(c,"exit",4)!=0);
shutdown(d,1);
}
UDP SERVER:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<netdb.h>
main()
{
int
d,r,q,b;
char
c[100];
struct
sockaddr_in ser,cli;
d=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
bzero((char*)&ser,sizeof(ser));
if(d<0)
printf("\n socket not created");
ser.sin_family=AF_INET;
ser.sin_port=htons(4000);
ser.sin_addr.s_addr=INADDR_ANY;
r=sizeof(struct
sockaddr);
b=bind(d,(struct
sockaddr*)&ser,r);
if(b<0)
{
printf("socket
not binded properly");
return
0;
}
printf("\n
connect to the socket%x\n\n",htons(5555));
do
{
recvfrom(d,&c,sizeof(c),0,(struct
sockaddr*)&ser,&r);
printf("\n
THE MESSAGE FROM THE CLIENT IS:");
fputs(c,stdout);
printf("to
server");
fgets(c,100,stdin);
sendto(d,&c,sizeof(c),0,(struct
sockaddr*)&ser,sizeof(struct sockaddr));
}
while(strncmp(c,"exit",4)!=0);
shutdown(q,1);
}
OUTPUT
Server Output:
[mca39@Maharaja
ss]$ cc udps.c
[mca39@Maharaja
ss]$ ./a.out
connect to the socketb315
THE MESSAGE
FROM THE CLIENT IS: hai........
To client: welcome....
Client Output:
[mca39@Maharaja
ss]$ cc udpc.c
[mca39@Maharaja
ss]$ ./a.out
connected to the
socket b315
Enter the msg to
server
hai........
From server: welcome....
RESULT:
The UNIX program has performed UDP
connection for the communication has been compiled and executed successfully.
Ex. No: 12
Date:
TCP/IP SOCKETS (Client & Server)
AIM:
To write a UNIX program that
performs the TCP connection for the communication.
ALGORITHM:
Step 1: Start the program.
Step 2: Define port and
host address, declare the variables for the client.
Step 3: Define the socket
address in structure variables servadd and initialize it.
Step 4: Use the socket
function create and request to the server.
Step 5: Define the port
address function to create and bind function.
Step 6: Use the socket
function create and request to the message.
Step 7: Wait and accept
the request then receive the message.
Step 8: Stop the program.
/*TCP/IP SOCKETS*/
TCP CLIENT:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<fcntl.h>
#define
SERV_TCP_PORT 2100
#define
SERV_HOST_ADDR "192.168.0.254"
main()
{
char buff[5];
int sd;
struct sockaddr_in servadd;
bzero((char
*)&servadd,sizeof(servadd));
servadd.sin_family=AF_INET;
servadd.sin_addr.s_addr=INADDR_ANY;
servadd.sin_port=8090;
sd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
if(sd<0)
printf("Socket
Error");
if(connect(sd,(struct sockaddr
*)&servadd,sizeof(servadd))<0)
printf("\nConnection
Failed");
printf("\nEnter the
message : ");
scanf("%s",&buff);
printf("Given message : %s\n",buff);
send(sd,&buff,50,0);
printf("\n %s",buff);
close(sd);
}
TCP SERVER:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<fcntl.h>
main()
{
char buff[50];
int sd,newsd,fd,strlen;
struct sockaddr_in servadd,cliadd;
bzero((char
*)&servadd,sizeof(servadd));
servadd.sin_family=AF_INET;
servadd.sin_addr.s_addr=INADDR_ANY;
servadd.sin_port=8090;
sd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
if(sd>0)
printf("\nSocket
Error");
printf("\n sd is :
%d\n",sd);
if((bind(sd,(struct
sockaddr_in *)&servadd,sizeof(servadd)))>0)
printf("\nBinding Error\n");
listen(sd,1);
strlen=sizeof(cliadd);
newsd=accept(sd,(struct
sockaddr_in *)&cliadd,&strlen);
printf("New sd :
%d\n",newsd);
recv(newsd,&buff,50,0);
printf("\nReceived Message
: %s\n",buff);
close(sd);
}
OUTPUT:
TCP Client output:
[mca7@Maharaja
bhamila07]$ cc tcpc.c
[mca7@Maharaja bhamila07]$ ./a.out
Enter the message
: hai
Given message :
hai
[mca7@Maharaja bhamila07]$
TCP Server output:
[mca7@Maharaja
bhamila07]$ cc tcps.c
tcps.c: In
function âmainâ:
tcps.c:12:
warning: incompatible implicit declaration of built-in function âbzeroâ
tcps.c:20:
warning: passing argument 2 of âbindâ from incompatible pointer type
tcps.c:24:
warning: passing argument 2 of âacceptâ from incompatible pointer type
[mca7@Maharaja
bhamila07]$ ./a.out
Socket Error
sd is : 3
New sd : 4
Received Message :
hai
[mca7@Maharaja
bhamila07]$
RESULT:
The TCP communication for client and
server is executed successfully.
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